Word Form

Word Form (hay còn được gọi là Word Family) là dạng bài tập yêu cầu chúng ta phải lựa chọn loại từ (part of speech) phù hợp trong ngữ cảnh. Sau đó biến đổi từ đã cho trước vào chỗ trống. Nghe khá đơn giản đúng không nào?

Trong bài hôm nay, đầu tiên chúng ta sẽ ôn lại lý thuyết, sau đó là một số phân tích mẫu. Và cuối cùng là bài tập.

Nếu các bạn vào đây những cảm thấy mình đã biết hết về nó rồi thì mời bạn xem thêm những bài khác trong chuyên đề Luyện Thi Đại Học Môn Tiếng Anh.

Word Form

Định Nghĩa

Như đã nói ở trên. Dạng bài tập này đòi hỏi thí sinh phải

1. đọc ngữ cảnh.
2. Xác định loại từ.
3. Thay đổi từ cho trước.
4. Và cho vào chỗ trống.

Ví dụ về bài tập Word Form:

He was (HOPE) ______________________ when he did the test badly.

1. Ngữ cảnh trên cho thấy chúng ta cần một từ, từ này phải mang nghĩa tiêu cực (vì anh ta làm kiểm tra không được tốt mà).
2. Loại từ chúng ta cần là Adjective (tính từ) (sau linking verb, bổ nghĩa cho Subject (he).
3. Hope => Hopeless
4. He was hopeless when he did the test badly.

Theory – Lý Thuyết

Để hoàn tất tốt loại bài tập này, chúng ta cần ôn qua lý thuyết về

1. Part of Speech (loại từ). Cụ thể là về:
   • Noun – Danh Từ
   • Verb – Động Từ
   • Pronoun – Đại Từ
   • Determiner – Định Từ
   • Adjective – Tính Từ
   • Adverb – Trạng Từ
   • Preposition – Giới Từ
   • Conjunction – Liên Từ
2. Noun Phrase – Cụm Danh Từ.
   • và nếu có thời gian thì tìm hiểu các loại Phrase luôn (lỡ ra câu nâng cao còn đỡ được…)
3. Kế tiếp là Thì – Tenses
4. Và cuối cùng là Passive Voice – Bị Động

Analysis – Phân Tích

Bây giờ chúng ta cùng làm thử một vài câu dễ khó lung tung để xem phương pháp làm nó như thế nào nhé. Mỗi loại từ chính (Noun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb) thầy sẽ cho các bạn một ví dụ với những LƯU Ý cần thiết.

Chúng ta sẽ làm theo 5 bước là:

1. Đọc ngữ cảnh (cố gắng hiểu câu nha).
2. Xem xét xem cần loại từ gì.
3. Thay đổi loại từ, nhớ xét nét nghĩa theo ngữ cảnh
4. Cho vào câu
5. Kiểm tra lại

Example 1

The city has over a million (INHABIT) ______________________.

1. Thành phố có trên hơn một triệu “gì đó.” Dựa vào ngữ cảnh thì đoán là cần từ “dân cư” rồi đó.
2. Câu đã có Subject (the city). Verb (has). Và chúng ta có Determiner (quantifier: over a million). Vậy cần một Noun (sau determiner – định từ).
3. Inhabit sẽ biến thành inhabitant (danh từ, chỉ người dân).
4. The city has over a million inhabitant. Ủa, sai sai?! Uh, chúng ta phải để số nhiều cơ. Vì ngữ cảnh cần số nhiều. Vậy phải là:

The city has over a million inhabitants.

Bài học: Các bạn chú ý phải kiểm tra từ khi nó vào câu nhé. Đôi lúc chúng ta phải thêm “s/es” khi nó là số nhiều. Các bạn xem qua bài Irregular Noun nếu muốn chắc chắn.

Example 2

A very old car is usually a/an (RELY) ______________________ car.

1. Một chiếc  xe cũ thường là chiếc xe “gì đó.” Cũ thì chắc là không tốt rồi đó.
2. Câu có Subject (a very ol car). Có Verb (is). Và có cả Object (an…car). Vậy bổ nghĩa cho CAR (noun) ta cần một Adjective.
3. Rely có các tính từ sau: reliable (có thể trông cậy vào), reliant (phụ thuộc), unreliable (không thể trông cậy vào), self-reliant (độc lập). Dựa theo ngữ cảnh ta sẽ chọn UNRELIABLE.
4. Câu sẽ là:

A very old car is usually an unreliable car.

Bài học: Để ý đôi lúc khi chọn được từ phù hợp rồi chúng ta còn phải xem xem nên để chúng ở dạng khẳng định hay phủ định (bằng cách thêm mis-/un-/in-/…) vào trong một số trường hợp nha.

Example 3

He is believed (attack) ____________ brutally by a strange man yesterday.

1. Anh ta được cho là đã “gì đó” một cách bạo lực bởi một người đàn ông lạ mặt. Ồ. Ngữ cảnh cho thấy anh ta “bị đánh” nha. Các bạn nhìn thấy “by…” không? Để ý dữ kiện xung quanh nha.
2. Một điều nữa là thầy thấy các trúc Passive with Verb of Reporting (các bạn xem thêm nếu chưa biết). Đầu câu dùng hiện tại “is believed” trong khi đó cuối câu có “yesterday.” Vậy câu này thầy phải dùng TO HAVE VERBed/V3 (infinitive). Kết luận là chúng ta cần động từ, ở cột 3 (past participles).
3. Attack cũng chính là động từ. Cột 3 là “attacked.” Ở bị động là “be attacked.” Chúng ta sẽ biến “be” thành “been” vì nó sau “to have.” Kết thúc là: to have been attacked.
4. Câu sẽ là:

He is believed to have been attacked brutally by a strange man yesterday.

Bài học: Đặc biệt lưu ý khi chúng ta cần điền động từ:

• Xem xem phải chia ở thì nào.
• Có cần bị động hay không.
• Có ở dạng Bị Động (Passive Voice) nào đặc biệt hay không.

Example 4

He did try to study (hard) __________ because he couldn’t catch up with his friends..

1. Anh ta cố gắng học “gì đó” vì anh ta không thể bắt kịp bạn bè của mình. Theo ngữ cảnh thì chắc là “chăm” rồi. Đơn giản.
2. Chúng ta có Subject (he). Verb (did try to study). Và một vế sau (because…). Vậy sẽ thay đổi HARD làm sao để nó bổ nghĩa cho Study (verb). Chính là dùng ADVERB.
3. HARD có những Adverb là: Hard (chăm chỉ). Hardly (hầu như không). Và so sánh (HARDER, HARDEST). Tất nhiên là chọn HARD cho đúng ngữ cảnh rồi.
4. Câu sẽ là:

He did try to study hard because he couldn’t catch up with his friends.

Bài học: Khi chúng ta cần điền trạng từ:

• Lưu ý các Adverb đó có cùng form (hình dạng) với Adjective của nó không. (Xem thêm bài Adverb of Manner).
• Để ý có cần phải dùng dạng phủ định hay không.

Exercise – Bài Tập

Sau khi làm xong bài tập. Các bạn có thể comment ở phía dưới với đáp án (1) và email (2) để thầy gửi Answer Key cho nhé. Bạn nào muốn xin file PDF thầy cũng có thể gửi luôn.

Have fun! À, đừng quên học từ vựng sau mỗi bài nhé:

Word Form Exercise 1

1. She’s quite (MUSIC) ____________________; she plays the flute and the piano.
2. He was (HOPE) ______________________ when he did the test badly.
3. We started our trip on a beautiful (SUN) ______________________ morning.
4. I enjoyed the book very much because it was so (READ) ______________________.
5. His (GEOGRAPHY) ______________________ knowledge is very poor – he thinks Paris is in Italy.

1. Her hair is (RED) ______________________, not bright red.
2. A very old car is usually an (RELY) ______________________ car.
3. I’ll always remember that journey – it was an (FORGET) ______________________ experience.
4. The knife may need (SHARP) ______________________ before it is used.
5. The city has over a million (INHABIT) ______________________.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 2

1. The cost of (ADMIT) ______________________ to the show is reasonable.
2. My teacher is very (KNOW) ______________________ about the history of Vietnam.
3. There’s too much (GREEDY) ______________________ in this world.
4. She thinks that with a little (FLATTER) ______________________ she can persuade her husband to change his mind.
5. He feels a great deal of (ASHAMED) ______________________ for the awful way he behaved.

1. It’s (HUMILIATE) ______________________ to be laughed at in public.
2. Smith is a (DEPEND) ______________________ person. If he says he will do something, you know that he will do.
3. (THEORY) ______________________, there are black holes in space.
4. The results of the firs experiments are very (PROMISE) ______________________.
5. The sun and the moon are often (PERSON) ______________________ in poetry.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 3

1. He was so embarrassed by the (COLLIDE) _______________ that he turned bright red and
2. disappeared into the restaurant’s kitchen.
3. Sam works as a (TELEPHONE) ______________________ in an office in the town centre.
4. Skiing (ENTHUSIASTIC) ___________ come to Utah for dry, powdery snow and challenging slopes.
5. Many children have been (IGNORE) ______________________ of their country’s history.

1. The opening of the new factory brought back (PROSPER) ______________________ to the small town.
2. The field’s (PRODUCE) __________ improved after the farmer applied fertilizer.
3. (LEGAL) _________ parked cars usually get a ticket and are sometimes towed away.
4. The (NECESSARY) _______of finding new oil reserves has led to more drilling in the Gulf
5. of Mexico.
6. The homemade ice-cream (HARD) _______after it had been in the freezer for an hour.
7. The Wright brothers’ success (SIGNIFICANCE) _________________ the beginning of a new transportation.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 4

1. To my (AMAZE) ____________, the monkey peeled the banana and offered it to me.
2. He finds history (FASCINATE) ______________________ but maths boring.
3. It was a long, slow film. I nearly died of (BORE) ______________________.
4. Where is the (ENTER) ______________________ to this shopping center.
5. It is important to keep ourselves healthy so that we can always be vibrant and (ENERGY) ______________.

1. These birds have a (NATURE) _____________ ability to find their way home again.
2. Will you accept (PAY) ______________________ by cheque?
3. Switzerland and Austria are both (MOUNTAIN______________________ countries.
4. Playing tennis is one of his favorite (ACT) ______________________.
5. He suffered from constant (SLEEP) ______________________.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 5

1. We have two postal (DELIVER) ______________________ a day.
2. He left the room without (EXPLAIN) ______________________.
3. He has little (EXPECT) ______________________ of winning a prize.
4. His (FAMILIAR) ______________________ with the local languages surprised me.
5. It seems (LOGIC) ______________________ to change the timetable so often.

1. It wasn’t my (INTEND) ______________________ to upset you.
2. The text is interesting and (INFORM) ______________ without being too technical.
3. The children seem to be totally (CAPABLE) ______ of working quietly by themselves.
4. You’re too (PATIENCE) ______________________ with her – she’s only a child.
5. They live in damp (HEALTH) ______________________ conditions.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 6

1. It is (FORTUNE) ______________________ that you missed the meeting.
2. Her rudeness was most (REGRET) ______________________.
3. I don’t want any (INTERFERE) ______________________ from you.
4. He died a (GLORY) ______________________ death.
5. It is (FRIGHT) ______________________ even to think of the horrors of nuclear war.

1. The disappearance of the aircraft remains (EXPLAIN) ______________________.
2. She wanted to have her skirt (LONG) ______________________.
3. I found the visit most (EDUCATE) ______________________.
4. The doctor gave him some tablets to (RELIEF) ______________________ his pain.
5. Please (FAST) ______________________ your seat-belt. The plane is taking off.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 7

1. She always listens (ATTENTION) ______________________ to what she is told.
2. In his family, he is a (TROUBLE) ______________________ child.
3. There has been a (NOTICE) ______________________ improvement in her writing.
4. The price of the house includes many existing (FIX) ______________________ and fittings.
5. It was (FORGIVE) ______________________ of me to mislead you like that.

1. He is very (SYSTEM) ______________________ in everything he does.
2. Fruit (SWEET) ______________________ as it ripens.
3. She is extremely (KNOWLEDGE) ______________________ about art.
4. My brother lives in a (RESIDE) ______________________ area.
5. They were brought up to behave in a (CIVILIZATION) ______________________ way in public.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 8

1. Heavy smoking makes him (BREATH) ______________________.
2. I have only a limited (KNOW) ______________________ of computer programming.
3. You cannot (GENERAL) ______________________ about the effects of the drug from the cases of one or two patients.
4. Japanese cars are known for their (RELY) ______________________.
5. He was always (OBEY) ______________________ to his father’s wishes.

1. Most of the students are making good progress but Jeremy seems a (HOPE) _____ case.
2. We were (HORROR) ______________________ by what we saw.
3. They left the house in a (FRIGHT) ______________________ mess.
4. The children were surprised at the sudden (ENTER) _________ of their teacher.
5. You are not (TITLE) ____________ to unemployment benefit if you have never

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 9

1. He doesn’t know much about the subject, but he is very (ENTHUSIASM) ____.
2. The charity is totally (DEPEND) _____________________ upon the money from the public.
3. The bank has been very (COOPERATE) ……..__ in helping me sort out my late husband’s finances.
4. Is military service (COMPEL) _____________________ in your country?
5. It was (HOSPITABLE) _____________________ of you not to offer her a drink.

1. The carpet is available in various (WIDE) _____________________.
2. The plane grounded because of poor (VISIBLE) _____________________.
3. He resigned for a (VARIOUS) _____________________ of reasons.
4. He wrote so many (GRAMMAR) _____________________ sentences in his essay.
5. They daren’t leave their children (ATTEND) _____________________ for even a moment.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 10

1. On a (TYPE) _____________________ day, we receive about fifty letters.
2. They had a large (MAJOR) ____________ over the other party at the last election.
3. (MIRACLE) _____________________, he survived the crash without injury.
4. He is very generous and everyone admires his (SELF) _____________________.
5. She wrote a (THREAT) _____________________ letter to me.

1. He was enormously (SYMPATHY) _____________________ when my father died.
2. They witnessed the miraculous (SURVIVE) ____________ of some people in the air crash.
3. Help is immediately sent to the (SURVIVE) _____________________ of the earthquake.
4. The police appealed to the crowd for (RESTRAIN) _____________________.
5. To be honest, I find the film rather (OFFEND) _____________________.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 11

1. They all cheered (ENTHUSIASM) ___________________ as their team came out.
2. Finally a (RECONCILE) ___________________ is brought about between the two sides.
3. The child has a (REBEL) ___________________ temperament.
4. Their office equipment needs to be (MODERN) ___________________.
5. He will not benefit (FINANCE) ___________________ from the deal.

1. The inquiry was (CRITICIZE) ___________________ of her handling of the affair.
2. Her case was (CONVINCE) ___________________ argued.
3. I don’t find him very (COMMUNICATE) ___________________.
4. I always drive more (CARE) ___________________ at night.
5. My colleagues are very pleasant, but the manager is a little (FRIEND) ________.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 12

1. This screw needs (TIGHT) ___________________.
2. Scientists consider it (BELIEVE) ______________ that gods create volcanic eruptions.
3. We brought back several carved (WOOD) ______ statures from our holiday in Africa.
4. The accommodation was (SPACE) ___________________ and comfortable.
5. There’s no easy (SOLVE) ___________________ to this problem.

1. His hands were wet and (SLIP) ___________________.
2. We were lucky enough to get tickets for the first (PERFORM) ______ of the hit musical.
3. What she did was so (SHOCK) ___________________ that I can hardly describe it.
4. She was shocked by the (REVEAL) ___________________ that he was already married.
5. The palace is closed for (RESTORE) ___________________ work.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 13

1. He said good morning in a most (FRIEND) ___________________ way.
2. My teacher (COURAGE) ___________________ me to take this examination.
3. Recently nutritious foods have increased in (POPULAR) ___________________.
4. The old lady hid all her (SAVE) ___________________ under the floor.
5. On (OPEN) ___________________ his letter, her face changed.

1. I said, “I’ve lost all my money at the races” but my friends were (SYMPATHY) ____.
2. He is a nice chap but even his children sometimes laugh at his (STUPID) ____________.
3. Your money will be refunded if the goods are not to your complete (SATISFY) ____.
4. We always have a bed ready in the spare room in case visitors arrive (EXPECT) ___
5. The book does not say much about prices, but is very (INFORM) ________________ about everything else.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 14

1. These quantities are (SUFFICIENT) _________ for the number of orders received.
2. I am not saying he is (HONEST) ___________, but he is not very good with money.
3. The (PERFORM) ___________________ she gave last night was marvelous.
4. She has one of the biggest (COLLECT) ___________________ in Britain.
5. They managed to find three miners who were still (LIVE) __________ three days after the underground explosion.

1. Cats are supposed to have nine (LIVE) ___________________
2. “Look after your mother”, were his (DIE) ___________________ words.
3. He claimed that his (BRING UP) __________ had caused him to become a criminal.
4. It was a difficult (PREGNANT) ___________________ and she almost lost the baby.
5. The government has promised to deal with the problem of (EMPLOY) ________ among young people.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 15

1. I am sorry about my (PATIENT) ___________________, but I hate being kept waiting.
2. I’m looking for a (SUIT) ___________________ gift for an old lady.
3. It was quite (NECESSARY) ___________________ to order so much food.
4. The judge told him it was (RESPONSIBLE) ___________________ to drink and drive, and banned him for a year.
5. This poem shows the wonderful (SENSITIVE) ___________________ of the poet.
6. It was a (SHAME) ___________________ episode in the country’s history.

1. They celebrate their (DEPEND) ___________________ on 4th July.
2. The gas from the chemical factory was extremely (HARM) ___________________.
3. The restaurant is now under new (MANAGE) ___________________.
4. The government has planned to increase the rate of (EMPLOY) _______ among youngsters.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 16

1. He was given a light sentence because of his (YOUNG) ___________________.
2. I am tired of your (CHILD) ___________ behavior. When are you going to grow up
3. You could hardly think she has two (TEEN) _________ girls. She just looks so young.
4. She divorced him because of his (KIND) ___________________ to the children.
5. The evening was (ENJOY) ___________________ spent playing and talking.

1. The keys were locked inside the car; (LUCK) ___________, a side window was open.
2. He was turned down for the job because he was no (QUALIFY) ___________________.
3. In parts of the country the (EMPLOY) ___________________ situation is terrible. As many as 20% of the working populations is without a job.
4. The world of computers is extremely (COMPETE) ___________________.
5. The government is expected to take (ACT) _________ against the level of crimes.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 17

1. Our journey took nearly five hours. It was such (FAR) __________ than I’d thought.
2. Jeremy has just got (ENGAGE) ___________ to a girl he’s known since he was a boy.
3. Oscar has eaten so much that he had to (LOOSE) ___________________ his belt.
4. The dictionaries are with the other (REFER) ___________________ books.
5. More and more young people want a university (EDUCATE) ___________________.

1. He rescued a child from drowning and was given a medal for his (BRAVE) _______.
2. She bites her nails all the time. It is a sign of (NERVOUS) ___________________.
3. This coffee is too (HEAT) ___________________ to drink.
4. I really don’t think he has the (ABLE) ___________________ to do this job.
5. The professor explained his ideas with great (CLEAR) ___________________.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 18

1. Sue went red with (EMBARRASS) ___________________.
2. Saucepans are sold in the (HOUSE) ___________________ goods department.
3. The group called “Friends of the Earth” is concerned about the (CONSERVE) ___________________ of the natural environment.
4. I had to check the wages in (ADD) ___________________ to my normal work.
5. During his (CHILD) ___________________ the family lived in Cornwall.

1. This matter is very (CONFIDENCE) ___________________. Don’t discuss it outside this office.
2. Each member of the group worked (SELF) ___________________ to achieve a common aim.
3. You can never be sure what he is going to do. He’s so (PREDICT) ___________________.
4. She’s very (MOTHER) ___________________ and loves looking after babies and toddlers.
5. She received a lot of (ENCOURAGE) ___________________ from her mother.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 19

1. Does this (ARRANGE) ___________________ suit you?
2. Conversation is one of the most enjoyable forms of (ENTERTAIN) ___________________.
3. You are talking complete (SENSE) ___________________.
4. Graham hates queuing: he’s very (PATIENT) ___________________.
5. The ending of the detective novel seemed highly (PROBABLE) ___________________.

1. The berries are (POISON) ___________________. Don’t eat them.
2. He was very (PRIDE) ___________________ of the work he had done.
3. There has been a (REDUCE) _______________ of 10% in the amount of money available for buying books.
4. He is very (SKILL) ___________________ carpenter.
5. He (THREAT) ___________________ to hit me if I didn’t hand over my money.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 20

1. Do you know what the (DEEP) ___________________ of the river is?
2. There is a (VARY) ___________________ of fruits in Vietnam.
3. (BASE) ___________________, I’m in favor of the plan, but there are still one or two points that I’m not entirely happy with.
4. He was born blind, but despite his (ABLE) ___________________, he still managed to become one of the
5. top pop singers of his generation.

1. I think it is very (REASON) ___________________ of him to expect us to work overtime every night.
2. English is a (COMPARE) ___________________ easy language for Swedes to learn.
3. Due to the clerk’s (STUBBORN) ___________________, we missed the train.
4. Thousands of people are living in (MISERABLE) ___________________ after the earthquake.
5. The thing I hate about John is his (RELIABLE) ___________________.
6. He is interested in the (PRESERVE) ___________________ of old buildings.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 21

1. The manager handed in his (RESIGN) ___________________ after being accused of dishonesty.
2. The thief replaced the diamond with a (WORTH) ___________________ stone.
3. (CERTAIN) ______ about the company’s future means that few people wanted to invest
4. money in it.
5. Simon admitted that his cruel joke was (INTEND) ___________________.

1. The refugees found (SAFE) ___________________ over the border.
2. The king’s (OPPOSE) ___________________ organized a revolution.
3. Their (FRIEND) ___________________ has lasted a lifetime.
4. In many countries, the (EMPLOY) ___________________ get the dole.
5. She left school with good (QUALIFY) ___________________.
6. Don’t believe a word Tom says. He’s a terrible (LIE) ___________________.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 22

1. She was sent to prison for (LIVE) ___________________ for murdering her husband.
2. Deb’s a very warm and (CARE) ___________________ person.
3. (CHILD) ___________________ is a time that is supposed to be free of worries.
4. (ADOLESCENT) _________ is traditionally a time when parents and children don’t get very well with each other.
5. He is thinking of taking early (RETIRE) ___________________ next year.

1. People with very (SENSE) _____________ skin shouldn’t go sunbathing for long period.
2. Thousands of people have been made (HOME) ___________________ by the war.
3. Her boss accused her of being over (AMBITION) ___________________.
4. She upset him with a (TACT) ___________________ remark about his big nose.
5. She is a (COLLECT) ___________________ of theatre programmes.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 23

1. (PHOTOGRAPH) ___________________ is an extremely popular hobby.
2. There were 50 (COMPETE) ___________________ in the talent contest.
3. Young children are often very (LIVE) _____. They have so much energy they can’t sit still
4. for a moment.
5. She was shocked to find out she had been (ADOPT) ___________________.

1. They were sent to an (ORPHAN) ___________________ run by nuns.
2. The man spoke with a (SOUTH) ___________________ accent.
3. Yesterday afternoon, there was a bank (ROB) ___________________ in the city.
4. There are (SIMILAR) ___________________ with the old testament.
5. He missed the (DEPART) ___________________ of his train by a minute.
6. The (CHAMPION) ___________________ was won in the last minute of the game.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 24

1. It was a complete (FAIL) ___________________ due to the poor planning.
2. It was very (FRIEND) ___________________ of you to slam the door in his face.
3. He cycled (CARE) ___________________ and had an accident.
4. Could you (STRAIGHT) ___________________ the picture over the sofa?
5. It’s hard to buy meat on the island but fish is (PLENTY) ___________________.

1. I’ve only been to Bristol (ONE) ___________ before, and that was many years ago.
2. My car is much too (RELY) ___________________ to take on a long journey.
3. In (CONCLUDE) ___, I’d like to thank the people who have helped me while I have been
4. working here.
5. She was sentenced to forty years (PRISON) ___________________ for manslaughter.
6. There was a (DIE) ___________________ silence when he mentioned his ex-wife’s name.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 25

1. He is completely (EMPLOY) _________. Not only is he lazy but he is dishonest too.
2. Their best designer went to work for a (COMPETE) ___________________.
3. More than a thousand workers are (EMPLOY) ___________________.
4. The woman has blonde shoulder-(LONG) ___________________ hair.
5. The USA is a land of (IMMIGRATE) ___________________.

1. Going around the world in a hot-air balloon was a fantastic (ACHIEVE) ______.
2. Applicants must be under 25, hard-working and (ENERGY) ___________________.
3. To sail single-handed across the ocean takes both skill and (DETERMINE) _______.
4. They became (DANGER) __________ short of water so Jane had to make her way down the steep path to the river with a bucket.
5. I’m delighted about my (SELECT) ___________________ as leader.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 26

1. My friend is a keen amateur (NATURE) ___________________.
2. Cattle and chickens are (DOMESTIC) ___________________ animals.
3. The whales have not only suffered untold cruelty but now face total (EXTERMINATE) _________________.
4. Craig’s old jacket was so (WEAR) ___________________ that he had to buy a new one.
5. The ring was not valuable; in fact, it was almost (WORTH) ___________________.

1. During his speech, he kept on (STRAIGHT) ___________________ his tie.
2. The water in this area is (PURE) ___________________ and should not be drunk.
3. A successful business needs goo (ORGANIZE) ___________________.
4. Alison’s (SHY) ___________________ made it hard for her to speak in public.
5. He drives very (CARE) ___________________ so he sometimes has accidents.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 27

1. (RESEARCH) _____ have been investigating selenium’s role in the body since 1957.
2. Nicotine is responsible for the (BEHAVE) ___________________ effects of smoking.
3. If you still feel ill after taking this treatment, you should see a (SPECIAL) ______.
4. After her illness she started worrying that she was (WEIGH) ___________________.
5. Many modern refrigerators never need to be (FROST) ___________________.

1. One day he would have to accept the (RESIGN) ___________________ of one of his heroes in public life.
2. After having drunk a lot of wine, he came back home (STEADY) ___________.
3. (LUCK) ____________, he failed the final exam.
4. It is very (DANGER) ___________________ for you to go alone on the road at night.
5. Although he clearly knows that his business is (LEGAL) _______, he still does that.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 28

1. The author gives three examples of the (ORIENT) _____________ culture shock.
2. Third time lucky! After two (SUCCESS) ____ attempts, Mark’s finally passed his test.
3. A newcomer is (FAMILIAR) ___________________ with the area around him/her.
4. People usually have hobbies for (ENJOY) ___________________.
5. They imagined that they made the rules, but in (REA_____, they were were puppets.

1. Street noise is one of the (ADVANTAGE) ___________________ of living in a city.
2. Studies show that smoking cigarettes is (HEALTH) ___________________.
3. Some universities in the USA have (CO-EDUCATE) ___________dormitories.
4. A (THINK) ___________________ person is one who is kind.
5. There are various (POSSIBLE) ___________________ for the party.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 29

1. Everyone was shocked. It was a (SENSE) ___________________ murder.
2. He felt very (COURAGE) ___________________ when he failed the exam again.
3. That diamond is a (PRICE) ___________________ antique.
4. It gives me great (PLEASANT) ___________________ to welcome our speaker.
5. He used all his (STRONG) ___________________ to force the door open.

1. He was too (SHAME) ____________ to tell his teacher about the stupid mistake.
2. The police are interested in the sudden (APPEAR) ________ of the valuable painting.
3. I believe you because I know you are (TRUE) ___________________.
4. I feel so (SLEEP) ___________________ that I’m going to bed.
5. The cost of (CARRY) ___________________ must be paid by the buyer.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 30

1. I was late because I (ESTIMATE) ___________________ how much time I needed.
2. He wrote the book alone, so he doesn’t have a (AUTHOR) ___________________.
3. They’re an incredibly (WASTE) _______________ family. You should see how much food they throw away.
4. You shouldn’t leave (VALUE) ___________________ things on car seats in full view of people walking past.
5. I’ve never had the same opinions as my father. In fact, when I was younger, we were always having(AGREE) __________________.

1. Most people who work feel that they are (PAY) ___________________.
2. She’s having a rest because he had been (WORK) ___________________.
3. I’d lost my key so I couldn’t (LOCK) __________________ the door when I got home.
4. Their (ENCOURAGE) ___________________ gave us heart to go on.
5. People who eat a lot often become (WEIGH) ___________________.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 31

1. I like him because he’s a very (RELY) ___________________ person.
2. Don’t be so (PATIENT) _______________; we’ve only been waiting for a few minutes
3. 30 a.m. on a Sunday is a rather (CONVENIENT) ________ time for an appointment.
4. Please don’t be so (REASON) __________________. I can’t do all the work by myself.
5. There are always mistakes because the firm is so (EFFICIENT) ___________________.

1. Sorry about the mistake, I (UNDERSTAND) ________ the instructions you gave me.
2. They’ve (SPELL) _________________ my name on this form: the first letter is L not R.
3. After I had got to know him better, I (LIKE) ___________________ him intensely.
4. It was very (CARE) ___________________ of you to break that coffee cup.
5. Thank you for your postcard. It was very (THINK) __________________ of you to send it.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 32

1. The duty of the police is the (MAINTAIN) ___________________ of law and order.
2. Our tomatoes are (RIPE) __________ nicely; they’ll be ready to eat in about a week.
3. Look at this picture of Bill and his father – you can see the (LIKE)__ clearly, can’t you?
4. Playing for the national team for the first time was an (FORGET)_ experience for him.
5. “This is not a good essay” said the lecturer. “I find your assignment (CONVINCE) ___.

1. It’s a lovely old house, I agree, but can we afford to (MODERN) ____________ it?
2. In winter, it’s important for farmers to provide food and (WARM) ___for their animals.
3. Pele (COURAGE) ___________________ Ronaldo to take part in 2002 World Cup.
4. (FLEXIBLE) _________________ is one of the qualities required of a social worker.
5. Novelists are among the most (IMAGINE) ___________________ people in the world.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 33

1. Secondary education is (COMPEL) ___________________ and free in many countries.
2. The song has (OFFICE) _______ been selected for the Sea Games 22, Vietnam.
3. (ENVIRONMENT) ___ are doing their best to make people aware of the danger of airpollution.

4. Actually, there is no short cut to (MASTER) ________________ a foreign language.
5. Leonardo Da Vince was a (SUCCEED) __________ story of an artist and scientist.

1. Your father is a bit (WEIGH) ___________________. I think he should go on a diet.
2. The police should impose heavy fines on those who drive (DANGER) ________.
3. He is ok, but quite (RELY) ______________ at times.
4. (ORIGIN) ___, Charles Darwin didn’t intend to publish his book “On the Origin of Species”.
5. “(ACT) ___________________ speak louder than words”

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 34

1. The explanation of the accident is very (CONFUSE) ___________________.
2. One of the (STRONG) _______ of English is that it is becoming simpler and simpler.
3. A right amount of calcium added to our food will help to (SOLID) ___ our weak bones.
4. In ancient Greece, the owl was a symbol of (WISE) ___________________.
5. Laser beams can kill cancer cells while leaving the surrounding ones (HARM) ______.

1. Freedom of (SPEAK) _______________ is one of the fundamental rights.
2. What old people fear most is (LONELY) ___________________.
3. He is a tall, broad and (MUSCLE) ___________________.
4. I can’t work in here – it’s far too (NOISE) ___________________.
5. “How are you?” she asked (SMILE) ___________________.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 35

1. Please don’t be so (REASON) ___________________. I can’t do everything by myself.
2. The new film has had a very poor (RECEIVE) ___________________ by the critics.
3. You can (LESS) ___________________ the risk of thief by locking your motorbike.
4. Reducing inflation is (CENTER) _____________ to the government’s economic policy.
5. There is not much (CLEAR) ____________ for tall vehicles passing under the bridge.

1. The two ships came into (COLLIDE) ___________________.
2. It is clearly (DESIRE) ___________________ that the proposals receive support.
3. The lack of decent public transport is a serious (ADVANTAGE) ___________________.
4. The washing-machine has broken down – I’ll phone the (ELECTRIC) ___________.
5. Our efforts to persuade her proved (FRUIT) ___________________ – she didn’t come!

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 36

1. The audience burst into (APPLAUD) ___________________ at the end of the play.
2. How much does (MEMBER) ___________________ of this club cost?
3. What a very (LEARN) ___________________ old man he is!
4. The new film is (EXCEPTION) ___________________ good.
5. He was too (SHAME) ___________ to tell his teacher about his stupid mistake.

1. She made no (REFER) ___________________ to our conversation of the night before.
2. She is one of the greatest (PERFORM) ____________ to appear in this theatre.
3. I wrote (END) ___________________ letters of application, but got no reply.
4. Burning coal is an (ECONOMY) ______ way of heating a house. Gas is much cheaper.
5. There are very few (EXPLORE)_____ places left on earth. Man has nearly everywhere.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 37

1. It is unusually forbidden to destroy (HISTORY) ________________ buildings.
2. The old fishing village is very (PICTURE) ________________.
3. I don’t care what you say. I still think it’s very (NATURE) ________________ not to want to get married and have children.
4. Artists are (CREATE) ________________ people.
5. He examined the parcel (SUSPECT) ___________, as he had no idea what it could be.

1. A letter should always end with the (SIGN) ________________ of the writer.
2. I would like to book a (FLY) ________________ to Paris.
3. The rule is not (APPLY) ________________ in this case.
4. The price of the book is $10, including (POST) ________________ and packing.
5. How are you getting on with you (CORRESPOND) ________ course in French?

Vocabulary:

Word Form Exercise 38

1. He is a notorious (CRIME) ________________ who robbed a bank yesterday.
2. It is forbidden to hunt for that kind of bird. It has been listed as one of the (DANGER) ________________species.
3. The weather was terrible, so we had a very (PLEASE) ________________ holiday.
4. The (ARRIVE) ________________ of the new guest caused trouble to me.
5. (ADMIT) ________________ to the school is by examination only.

1. He wanted a divorce because his wife had been (FAITH) ________________.
2. I didn’t know who it was – with a mask on, she was completely (RECOGNIZE) __.
3. They have been allowed to train as doctors at a (MEDICINE) _________ school.
4. Women began to gain (EQUAL) ________ with male doctors in the 20th century.
5. He Cotswolds is an area of great (BEAUTIFUL) ________________ in England.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 1

Barbara saw a doctor who is specialist in such cases. Her powers of (CONCENTRATE) ________________ aren’t as good as they used to and at times she is very (FORGET) ________________ but the doctor has (CONFIDENCE)________________  predicted  that  in  time  she  will  make  a  complete           (RECOVER)________________. He believes she is making very (SATISFY) ________________ progress in this direction. Of course,  not  all  such (PREDICT)________________ come true, but the doctor is  usually  very   (RELY)
________________.  As  for  the  cuts  and  bruises  she  had,  they  have  healed  almost (COMPLETE)________________. Barbara herself is very (THANK) ________________ to be alive. As one of the people who examined her at hospital said, she was (ORDINARY) ________________ lucky.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 2

Linda de Vere Hady, who died last week, was not at all a conventional woman of her generation. In the 1920s, she was (DETERMINE) ________________ to learn to fly, and became the first woman to become a fully (QUALIFY) ________________ pilot. Her solo (FLY) ________________ from London to Delhi was one of the greatest (ACHIEVE) ________________ of the early days of aviation. Her (MARRY) ________________ to

Angus Hardy took place after the end of the Second World War. With his (ENCOURAGE) ________________ she wrote a number of (DETECT) ________________ stories in the 1950s that achieved great (POPULAR) ________________. In 1962, her husband’s tragic (DIE) ________________ in a car crash ended her literary career, and she spent the rest of her life on an (ISOLATE) ________________ island off the coast of Scotland.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 3

When Rosemary first saw Carl, she was strongly attracted to him. He was one of the (GOOD-LOOKING) _________________ men she had ever seen. She knew that he felt a strong (ATTRACT) _________________for her, as well, so it was only natural that they began seeing each other (REGULAR) ___________________. The (ANNOUNCE) __________________ of their engagement came a month later. When Laura heard the news, she tried very hard to hide her (DISAPPOINT) _________________. Then she realized that it was very (FOOL) ________________ of her to feel that way. She had always lived with the (KNOW) ________________ that Carl admired her only because of her (EFFICIENT) __________________ as his secretary. The (THINK) _________________ that she might be more than that had (SIMPLE) ___________________ never occurred to him.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 4

There is one particular feeling which I find difficult to express. When I am (ANGER) _________________ about something, I say nothing. Once, for example, after I had bought a very (EXPENSE) _________________ jacket, I met a friend in a café who said that the jacket didn’t fit in me very (GOOD) _________________. I was very (ANNOY)_________________  but  I  said  nothing.  I  didn’t  feel  like  continuing  our   (CONVERSE) _________________. My friend noticed my (SILENT) _________________ and asked me what was wrong. I couldn’t tell him the (TRUE) _________________. I began to feel rather (EMBARRASS) _________________ and  left  without  giving  him  an (EXPLAIN)_________________.  Later  I  felt  rather (SHAME)

_________________ of my behavior.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 5

“Space  Warrior’s  Wrist”  is  only  one  of  the  painful  conditions  that  can  be  caused  by (CONSTANT)_________________ playing computer games. Children also suffer from a strange (ACHE) ________________feeling  in  their  upper  arms  or  shoulders.  Another  problem  that  doctors  have  reported  is  a (LOSE)_________________ of appetite in some children. The (EXPLAIN) _________________ for this seems to be that they don’t get enough exercise. This may also explain the (TEND) _________________ of some children to put on weight. The high sugar (CONTAIN) _________________ of the convenience foods the same children eat is  (PROBABLE) _________________ also a cause.

Some people believe that it is the (RESPONSIBLE) _________________ of the government to do something about this problem. However, it is difficult for even the most (POWER) _________________ government to stop people doing what they want to do. One official recently said, “All we can do is put a (WARN) _________________ on the games, saying that they can harm your health”.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 6

We all welcomed the teacher’s suggestion that we should do something else after the last exercises. Usually the teacher gives us very good (ADVISE) _________________ and we have faith in all her (RECOMMEND) _________________. So we were rather (SURPRISE) _________________ when she asked us to make small (CHANGE) _________________ in the form of words like “suggest”, “advise”, and so on. In fact, one of the students seemed to have a very strong (OBJECT) _________________ to the idea because there was such a clear (CONNECT) _________________ between these words and the words we had just studied. “I’ll jump out of the window if we go on doing this”, he said. The teacher smiled because she knew the student was only (JOKE)                                                                                                         _________________  and then  asked,   “Are  you  making  a  promise  or  is  that  a              (THREATEN) _________________?” There was a great deal of  (LAUGH) _________________ as we listened to the student’s (APOLOGY) _________________.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 7

I  saw  a film  last  week that was not very interesting. It was a comedy but it was not very  (AMUSE) _________________. But perhaps, the real problem was not that the film was bad but that I was (DEPRESS) _________________. The weather was very (DEPRESS) _________________ that day too. To add to my problems,  I  was (DISAPPOINT) _________________  because  I  had  just  had  some  very   (SURPRISE)_________________ news. I had been hoping to get a very (INTEREST) _________________ job that someone else got instead. In fact, I was very (SHOCK) _________________ I didn’t get it because I was (CONVINCE)_________________ that I had all the right qualifications. However, (DISAPPOINT) things like this happen all the time, don’t they? So why was I (SURPRISE) _________________?

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 8

It is very difficult to decide on the correct punishment in cases like these. This was why it took the judge so long to reach a  (DECIDE)  _________________ in Mrs. Lovell’s case. Her lawyer said in her  (DEFEND)_________________ that she was lonely and confused and that this was why she had ignored the (COMPLAIN) _________________ of her neighbors for so long. He also argued that this was not a case of deliberate (CRUEL) _________________. In other words, Mrs. Lowell had no (INTEND) _________________ of causing suffering. He also argued that a case like this called a (UNDERSTAND) _________________. The judge finally found her (GUILT) _________________, but gave her (PERMIT) _________________ to keep one dog for a period of a year, subject to good (BEHAVE) _________________. In other words, if she repeats her (OFFEND) _________________, the dog will be taken away from her.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 9

Like all inventors, Elias Howe had sudden “flashes of (INSPIRE) ________________”. His strange dream is just one example of (PSYCHOLOGY) ________________ processes that are still beyond our  (UNDERSTAND) ________________. This is why there is so much (DISAGREE) ________________ about dreams and what they really  are.  Dreams  have no  (MEAN)  ________________ at the time we have them. Our  (INTERPRET) ________________ of dreams happens after they are over. Some (SCIENCE) ________________ think that our dreams are partly the (PRODUCE) ________________ of our unconscious minds. Our memory of the dream may be (COMPLETE) ________________ different from the dream we (ACTUAL) _________________ had.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 10

The question, “What makes a manager (SUCCESS) _________________?” often comes up. First of all, a manager needs the right kind of (PROFESSION) _________________ support. In other words, a good manager requires the (ASSIST) _________________ of a good secretary. A good secretary needs to have the right of (SECRETARY)  _________________ skills. These include the (ABLE)_________________ to use modern technology, such as computers. There are (ADDITION) _________________ skills that are just as important. More  and  more  managers  need  secretaries  who  can  speak  several  foreign  languages (FLUENT)

_________________. Success or failure in international (NEGOTIATE) _________________ can depend on this.  This (REQUIRE)  _________________ is often stressed in job advertisements today. Many  (APPLY) _________________ are rejected because the candidates lack such skills.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 11

The site of the town Winchester was a natural place for a (SETTLE) _________________, at the point where a river cut through the chalk of the (SOUTH) _________________ hillsides. A simple camp at St. Catherine’s Hill was the (EARLY) _________________ known use of the site. This was followed by an Iron Age hill-fort, but this was left (INHABIT) _________________ by 100 BC. It was the Romans who finally established the town and (ROUND) _________________ it with a defensive wall for the protection of their people and trade. With the (BUILD) _________________ of its first cathedral in the seventh century, the town became an important (RELIGION) _________________ center. Later, King Alfred, who had (SUCCESS) _________________ pushed back the invading Danes, moved his palace to Winchester. The town then experienced rapid (DEVELOP) _________________ and its (CENTER) _________________ role in English history was underlined.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 12

Architects responsible for the construction of many skyscrapers believe that a tall building must always have a certain  minimum(WIDE) _________________  but  that  there  is  no  limit  to  its  absolute (HIGH) _________________. This means that the skyscrapers of the future are likely to be even taller. Engineers agree with this, but there is (AGREE) _________________ over the best shape for very tall, slim buildings. The effects of wind (PRESS) _________________ mean that cylindrical designs have enjoyed some (POPULAR) _______________ in recent years, and these are quite pleasing to the eye. (FORTUNATE) ______________ __, however, the ideal shape is an ugly square with heavily rounded corners. Would these tall buildings of the future offer more than a (WONDER) _________________ view? Some believe tall towers could contain all the (REQUIRE)  _________________ for modern living. The  (INHABIT)  _________________ of these vertical villages  would  travel  up  and  down  between  their  home  and  work  zones  and  would                        (RARE) _________________ need to journey to ground level.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 13

It’s marvelous idea for children to do some cooking at an early age. Generally (SPEAK) _________________, most  children  can’t  wait  to  help  in  the  kitchen  and  love  getting  involved  in  the                    (PREPARE) _________________ of their meals. They should be (COURAGE) _________________ to do so, and care should be taken to (SURE) _________________ they enjoy the experience. It is important to show them how to do things (CORRECT) _________________ but they shouldn’t be criticized too much. Although the finished result may not be quite to your (LIKE) _________________, the young cook will undoubtedly find it quite the (TASTY)                                                                                                           _________________ food he or she has ever eaten. Kitchens can, of course,  be   (DANGER) _________________ places and so the absolute (IMPORTANT) _________________ of keeping an eye on children at all times cannot be emphasized too (HEAVY) _________________. Sharp knives, for example, should be avoided until children are old enough to handle them safely.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 14

Humans have long been fascinated by outer space, and have wondered if there are intelligent life-forms (ELSE) _________________, which we might be able to contact. (NATURE) _________________, we’ve all seen space creatures on our TV and cinema screens, but “aliens” like these owe more to be (CONVENIENT) _________________ of using human (ACT) _________________ to play the parts than to any real form of (SCIENCE) _________________ investigation. However, many serious space (RESEARCH) _________________ are now beginning to turn their attention to the question of what alien life might (ACTUAL) _________________ look like. One early result is Arnold the Alien, (DESIGN)_________________  by  biologist   Douglas Dixon. This strange being, (LIKE)_________________ humans, has its eyes, ears, and limbs in groups of three instead of pairs but despite its odd (APPEAR) _________________, its behaviors is not very different from our own.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 15

Interviews are an imperfect method of choosing the best people for jobs, yet human (BE) ________________like to examine each other in this way. One of the many problems of (SELECT) _________________ as it is commonly practiced is that the forms filled in by (APPLY) _________________ often fail to show people as they really are. This means that you can follow all the best (ADVISE) _________________ when completing your form and still find that you are (SUCCESS) _________________ at the next stage  – the interview. (SIMILAR)  _________________, in the rare cases where interviews are automatic, a candidate with an (ADEQUATE) _________________ form many do surprisingly well. Of course, your form needs to show that you have (CONFIDENT) _________________ in your (ABLE) _________________ to do the job, but don’t try to turn yourself into someone else – a person you have to pretend to be at the interview. Realism and (HONEST) _________________ are definitely the best approach.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 16

When did the first toys come into existence and what led to their (DEVELOP) _________________? Did they represent an attempt by adults to make children happy, or did they arise from the various playful (ACTIVE) _________________ of children themselves? As every knows, the young (FREQUENT) _________________ copy the (BEHAVE) _________________ of their elders, and in their play, they often adopt objects used by adults for entirely different purposes. These objects (COURAGE) _________________ the child’s (IMAGINE) _________________ and lead to games in which everyday articles often play unusual and (EXPECT) _________________ roles. It is rather surprising that for an (EXPLAIN) _________________ of the origin of toys, we cannot turn to folk stories. However, no traditional tale (RELATE) _________________ to the origin of toys exists, and so our (KNOW) _________________ is restricted to archaeological study and limited evidence from documents.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 17

Wildlife painting had always been a hobby for Mark Chester, but when he lost his job, he took the (DECIDE) _________________  to  turn  it  into  a  full-time  career.  Mark had obtained his (PROFESSION) _________________ qualifications in the fields of (PHOTOGRAPH) _________________ and advertising and felt  that  these skills  would be useful in his new life. He has sold his work before, and was  (REASON ) _________________ confident that he could earn enough to live on. Mark discovered that he would be able to receive an (ALLOW) _________________ from a government (AGENT) _________________ to help him get up his business. They also provided him with (USE) _________________ information on how to run his affairs. As (SELL) _________________ of his work increased, Mark realized that he could not paint enough (ORIGIN) _________________ pictures to keep up with demand, so he is now trying to interest a (PUBLISH) _________________ in producing prints of his work. Meanwhile, Mark has started making prints of his own.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 18

Bells have been in existence for a long time. They were used by the (CHINA) _________________ about 6,000 years ago and the oldest bell ever found is around 7,000 years old. Today, we live in a world of mass (COMMUNICATE) _________________ and (RELY) _________________ clocks, so it is easy to forget what an essential part of everyday life bells used to be. Bell told people of happy events, such as weddings and (BORN) _________________ or, sometimes had to announce (PLEASANT) _________________ event such as a (DIE) _________________ or a funeral. Sometimes bells were used for giving people (WARN) _________________ of an enemy’s approach or spreading the good news of victory. In many places today, bells are perhaps most (COMMON) _________________ associated with announcing when (RELIGION) _________________ services are going to take place. They are also frequently rung during (CELEBRATE) _________________ and continue to play a part in many people’s lives.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 19

People living  in  Croston  have  experienced a  considerable  number of difficulties  this week (FOLLOW) _________________ the local bus company’s introduction of several new routes. There have been reports of (DRIVE) _________________ losing their way and having to ask passengers for (DIRECT) _________________ when they have had to go to parts to the towns which were not (PREVIOUS) _________________ served by buses. Not surprisingly, people have complained about the (FAIL) _________________ of buses to arrive on time. Peter Gray, the (MANAGE) _________________ of the company admitted that the situation has been totally (SATISFACTORY) _________________  this  week  and  has   (APOLOGY)   _________________ to passengers for the inconvenience caused. He believes that the company was probably being too (AMBITION) _________________ in introducing so many new services on the same day. However, he is (CONFIDENCE) _________________ that all the difficulties will have been sorted out by next week.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 20

Judo is a sport that has achieved great popularity in many parts of  the world. It was (ORIGIN)

_________________ developed in Japan in the late 19th century based on ancient methods of self-defence. There are two (FIGHT) _________________. Although they use physical (VIOLENT) _________________ against each other, they are (RESPECT) _________________ to their opponent and bow to each other before and after each contest. Judo is an (EXPENSIVE) _________________ sport to take up because the only equipment you need is the special loose-fitting suit. It is very suitable for (YOUNG) _________________ if they join a club where the (INSTRUCT) _________________ are properly qualified and pay enough attention to safety. Although Judo is    a physically  (DEMAND)  _________________ sport which requires a lot of (STRONG) _________________,  practice  and  skill,  there  are  many  people  who  find  it   (ENJOY) _________________ as a means of relaxation in their spare time.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 21

People wishing to spend an interesting couple of hours in Railey this month should visit the Town Hall where an exhibition of fifty (PAINT) _________________ by the locally born (ART) _________________ John Wragg is being held. The exhibition contains many extremely (IMPRESS) _________________ pictures of Australia where John has lived for the past thirty years. However, he still has many (CONNECT) _________________ with the (SURROUND) _________________ area as several members of his family live in Railey. John hoped to be present for the official (OPEN) ________________ of the exhibition but (FORTUNATE) _________________ he has been prevented from travelling to England because of (ILL) _________________. The exhibition is open (DAY) _________________ until the end of the month. The price of (ADMIT) _________________ is $5 for adults and $3 for senior citizens, students and children.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 22

Before the invention of instruments to measure weather conditions, people relived on their own (OBSERVE) _________________ of the wind and sky as well as the (BEHAVE) _________________ of birds and animals in connection with different types of weather. Many rhymes that have an (ASSOCIATE) _________________ with the weather have become popular over the centuries. In the short term, a (SAY) _________________ like “red sky in the morning, sailor’s warning”, often proves to be (SURPRISE) _________________ accurate. However, it is very (LIKELY) _________________ that next year’s summer can be predicted from this year’s winter. Such predictions can’t be considered  (USE)  _________________ in precise weather forecasting. (PROVE) _________________ of this can be found in past records. Nowadays, all aspects of the weather such as hours of (SUN) _________________ and rainfall are observed on a (DAY) _________________ basis by meteorological stations with specialized equipment.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 23

The most effective way of learning a language is by living in the country concerned, but parents should think (CARE) _________________  before  they  send  their  children  abroad.  Although  some (ORGANIZE) _________________ arrange visits for children as young as ten, the (MAJOR) _________________ of them won’t be ready to stay away from home and deal with (CULTURE) _________________ differences until they are in their teens. Even then they will need a basic (KNOW) _________________ of the language and some experience of foreign travel before they go. Exchange visits are a good way for (TEENS) _________________ to improve their language skills. It is a good idea for them to exchange (CORRESPOND) _________________ before the visits. Host families should not feel any (OBLIGE) _________________ to provide an extensive program of (ENTERTAIN) ________________.

It is more important to make the guest feel welcome. Travel can (BROAD) _________________ the mind, and exchange visits give young people experience of a different way of life as well as a different language.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 24

Following the unexpected closure last year of a number of factories in and around Bradstone, leading to a sharp rise in local (EMPLOY)_________________,  it  is  very  good  to  hear  that  the (CONSTRUCT) _________________ of a new high-technology center will begin (SHORT) _________________ on the site of one of the old factories. Network UK, the company responsible, made the (ANNOUNCE) _________________ yesterday. They said they would soon start (ADVERTISE) _________________ for two hundred new staff who are suitably (QUALIFY) _________________for the new jobs available the management said it was also their (INTEND) _________________ to offer fifty job-training positions for young people who have (RECENT) _________________ left  school.  They  want  to  build  up  a  dynamic,  well-trained  and (ENTHUSIASM) _________________ team and believe that they can contribute to making Bradstone a happy and (WEALTH) _________________ town once again.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 25

Let me make a suggestion to help you deal with difficult situations. If, for example, you are taking part in a sports (COMPETE) _________________,  meeting  someone  important,  or  giving  a (PERFORM)  _________________ in front of a large audience, you will probably be quite (NERVE) _________________, and worry that you will not be (SUCCEED) _________________ as you would like to be. What you need to do is   to  prepare  yourself (THOROUGH) _________________  by  running  through  the  whole (ACTIVE) _________________ over and over again in your mind, (CARE) _________________ going through every detail.  For  example,  a  famous  pianist,(PRISON) _________________ for seven  years  for   (POLITICS) _________________ reasons, could still play magnificently on his release. When asked how he managed to play so well, his (EXPLAIN) _________________ was that he had practiced every day in his mind.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 26

Nearly all the discoveries that have been made through the ages can be found in books. The (INVENT) _________________ of the books is one of humankind’s greatest  (ACHIEVE)  _________________, the importance of which cannot be overestimated. Books are very adaptable, providing us with both (ENTERTAIN) _________________ and information. The (PRODUCE) _________________ of books began in ancient Egypt, though not in a form that is (RECOGNIZE) _________________ to us today. The books read by the Romans, however, have some (SIMILAR) _________________ to the ones we read now. Until the middle of the 15^th century in Europe, all books were  (WRITE)  _________________ by hand. They were often beautifully illustrated  and  always  rare  and (EXPENSE) _________________.  With  printing came  the (POSSIBLE) _________________  of  cheap,  large-scale  publication  and  distribution  of  books,  making (KNOW) _________________ more widespread and accessible.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 27

Emma Harte, in Barbara Taylor Bradford’s novel, was a poor lonely girl who became the  (WEALTH) _________________ owner of an international chain of stores. Like the woman she writes about, Ms. Bradford  is  beautiful  and (AMBITION)  _________________. She left school at sixteen and became a (JOURNAL) _________________.  After  twenty-three  years  of  this  work, she made the (DECIDE) _________________ to start writing novels. She is now one of the most (HIGH) _________________ -paid novelists  in  the  world.  Was  Emma  Harte’s  story  based  on  Ms.  Bradford’s  own                           (INCREDIBLE) _________________ successful life? “I’m afraid not”, she said with (AMUSE) _________________. “My life has been quite different from Emma Harte’s. She was (LUCK) _________________ to be born into a poor family. I came from a middle-class home and producer. The only I share with my heroine is her (ABLE) _________________ to work hard”

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 28

There is a considerable public concern in Shaston following the discovery on Tuesday evening of a metal (CONTAIN) _________________ filled with (POISON) _________________ liquid. The object was found by a local (RESIDE) _________________ walking his dog in a field behind a newly-built chemical factory. As yet, the factory has been (ABLE) _________________ to provide any (EXPLAIN) _________________ as to how the object came to be in the field. A spokesperson stated that a full (INVESTIGATE) _________________ was taking place and that (SECURE) _________________ producers were being reviewed. People living in the (NEIGHBOR) _________________ are angry, as a year ago they had withdrawn their objections to the (DECIDE)  _________________ to build the factory here after the  company stated that no (DANGER) _________________ chemicals would be produced on this site.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 29

As far as I am concerned, nothing spoils a visit to the opera more than the (DISGUST) _________________ noise made by some members of the audience to express their (APPROVE) _________________ of a production. There was a time when applause and shouts of “bravo” were (THINK) _________________ to be sufficient. (RECENT) _________________, however, the practice, which I first met in the US, of screaming “Yo!” or something similar, has spread to (EUROPE) _________________ audiences. It’s a stupid sound,  quite (SUIT) _________________  for  the  expression  of  your  appreciation  of  find   (SING) _________________ like the Spaniard, Placido Domingo. I’m not too keen, either, on musicians clapping (SELF) _________________ at the end of a (PERFORM) _________________. They are hardly likely to be fair in their (JUDGE) _________________ at that moment. However, I don’t imagine either of these fashions is likely to disappear in the near future.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 30

At a meeting held in Oxwell last Thursday evening a wide (VARY) _________________ of opinions was expressed on plans to build a large supermarket in the town. A  (DIRECT)  _________________ of the supermarket group stated that the supermarket would benefit the (INHABIT) _________________ of Oxwell as it would give people more (CHOOSE) _________________ when shopping and would lead to a (GROW) _________________ in the number of jobs available in the town, which has a high rate of (EMPLOY)

_________________. Although there was (AGREE) _________________ on the need for new jobs, some of those present claimed that the supermarket would lead to a (LOSE) _________________ of jobs as small shops, (ABLE) _________________ to compete with supermarket prices, would be forced to close. The final (DECIDE) _________________ on whether or not to build the supermarket will be made next month.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 31

With the growth in air travel, airports have become symbols of international importance, and are (FREQUENT) _________________ designed by  well-known  architects.  Airports  have (IMPRESS) facilities nowadays. There are (COMFORT) _________________ departure lounges, where passengers wait before boarding their (FLY) _________________, restaurants, shopping areas and banks. Good roads and rail (COMMUNICATE) _________________ with nearly towns and cities are also essential. However, it is becoming (INCREASE) _________________ difficult to find land on which to build airports,, as aircraft, despite (IMPROVE) _________________ in engine design, are (NOISE) _________________, and need a considerable amount of space in which to land and take off. (CROWD) _________________ residential areas need to be avoided, so (FORTUNATE) _________________, suitable land might be an inconvenient distance away from the city.

Vocabulary:

Word Form Paragraph Exercise 32

The London Underground map is extremely well designed. Simple, easy to understand and  (ATTRACT) _______, it performs its primary task of guiding both inhabitants and (TOUR) _________________ round  the  underground  system  in  London  very  well.  The  man  behind  this  great  (ACHIEVE) _________________ was called Henry Beck, an (EMPLOY) _________________ of the London Underground Drawing Office,  who  designed  the  map  in 1931.  The  design  of  the  map showed great (ORIGINAL) _________________ because it represented a complex network of (COMMUNICATE) _________________ clearly. This design was later used by most of the world’s underground systems. The map used before 1971 was messy and (CLEAR) _________________. So Beck decided to sketch out a better one using a diagram rather  than  a  (TRADITIONAL)  _________________ map. This new map was an enormous  (SUCCEED) _________________ with the public when in 1933, it made its first  (APPEAR)  _________________ on underground platforms and at station entrances.

Vocabulary:

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